Wednesday, May 30, 2007

The Venezuelan Government Shuts Down a TV Network

Readers:

One of the important stories making news in Latin America this week is the decision by the Venezuelan government to not renew the license for a TV network (RCTV) that has been critical of President Hugo Chavez and which played a role in the unsuccessful coup against him in April 2002. The government plans to hand over the broadcast channel to a station that is allied with the government.

As I have noted in this Blog before, I have never been to Venezuela, have no first hand knowledge of the issues there and at The Democracy Center we try to stick to topics we have researched and know something about. However, because we know this topic is of interest to our readers, below are excerpts from and links to two different commentaries on this issue from U.S. groups following the story. The first is a news release from the Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) that is critical of the government’s move. The second is from an article by the Venezuelan Solidarity Network defending the action.

Opinions on this topic are more numerous that facts and first hand knowledge. We encourage those who have some of the latter to share that information here if they wish.

Jim Shultz


WOLA Criticizes as Arbitrary and as a Violation of Due Process the Venezuelan Government’s Handling of RCTV License Non-Renewal

Washington, D.C., May 30, 2007 – The Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) criticizes the Venezuelan government for the arbitrariness and violation of the right to due process that marked its decision not to renew the broadcast license that was held by Radio Caracas Television (RCTV). In addition, WOLA is concerned that if the public-service station that will now broadcast over the frequencies that had been licensed to RCTV proves to be nothing more than an outlet for government positions, with little or no room for dissenting views or for critical reporting about the government, then the non-renewal of the RCTV license could also constitute a threat to the right to freedom of expression.

Read the entire WOLA news release here.

Venezuela, RCTV, And Media Freedom: Just The Facts, Please

The general situation is this: In April of 2002, there was a two-day, illegal coup carried out against Venezuela’s electoral government, which involved the kidnapping and jailing of President Hugo Chavez. There were four major media outlets, along with others, who actively aided and abetted this coup (more later). In the intervening five years, none of them were closed, nor were any of their journalists incarcerated. Rather, the Chavez administration met with them, not to change their editorial slant, but to reach agreements preventing a repeat of such anti-democratic measure and the hyperbolic misrepresentation of facts, and also to discourage such continued infractions as the airing of pornography and cigarette commercials.

Read the entire commentary from the Venezuelan Solidarity Network here.

40 Comments:

Anonymous Anonymous said...

Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting has some decent coverage on the subject as well.

12:09 AM  
Anonymous El Grindio said...

Globally, the airwaves are a public trust. They should not be abused. Instead, they should serve the public good.

Further, it seems Chavez only did not renew their public access to a certain frequency. They have not been "shut down" per se. They can broadcast their partisan hate speech by cable or satelite without having the public subsidize them indirectly.

All in all, Venezuela has greater freedom and protection of human rights then what Bush has wrought on the US citizenry and humanity. To my knowledge, Venezuela does not torture people like the US does through their outsourced agents.

5:59 AM  
Blogger Norman said...

Wow, did we stray off topic quickly! I'm with Jim on the search for facts. Has anyone actually listened to previous broadcasts of this network? I'd be interested in some details about their hate speech. Has it been established that they had a hand in the 2002 coup attempt or is it just strong suspicion? thanks.

8:54 AM  
Blogger Boli-Nica said...

Jim placed two links by a pro-Chavez group, and then one by a center-left group that is mildly critical of the decision - but critical nonetheless.

Here is what the Interamerican press society said
IAPA calls Venezuelan government undemocratic for taking RCTV off the air

CARACAS, Venezuela (May 28, 2007)­—The Inter American Press Association (IAPA) called the Venezuelan government undemocratic for having taken Radio Caracas Television (RCTV) off the air. It made the statement after a hectic day in this city yesterday during which in the early morning it joined network staff at their TV studios during an emotional meeting in which the transmission equipment was switched off just seconds after midnight, ending 53 years of uninterrupted broadcasting.
Rest Here

Careful bitching about SIP, it was one of La Prensa in Nicaragua's greatest supporters against Somoza.

As far as facts. WOLA and the pro-Chavez crowd present one view. Personally I don't doubt that RCTV's ownership supported the coup , and that as a TV station at minimum offered passive support to it.

And lets remember that the military coup was only part of it. This was an attempt to "Goni" Chavez through confrontational street protests. These had followed the stand-off with Chavez over him breaking up the PVDSA strike - which was a result of the governments efforts to break the autonomy of that state oil company.
The coup itself was a rather haphazard and pretty improvised affair. Many people hedged their bets and didn't fully commit to one side or the other, waiting to see where the chips would fall.
private stations that were

Other broadcasters, arguably also "pro-coup" are still in business since they cut deals with Chavez.

This is about more than simply shutting off the license of the channel.
Fact is that the coup was in 2002, and Chavez said he was shutting off the license in 07, giving just months of warning. If RCTV or its management were guilty of acting unlawfully against the elected government, where are the charges for the past five years???

And how about confiscation of equipment????

Or, millions of dollars invested in RCTV between 03 and 06, in the expectation that the license was going to be renovated?

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2:15 PM  
Anonymous justo perez said...

“If alleged crimes, such as support for a military coup, are the reason for rejecting a broadcast concession, these should be tried through the justice system before a decision is made.”

http://www.cartercenter.org/news/pr/venezuela_rctv_053107.html

3:02 PM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

I stumbled on the following link which includes some interesting & informative comments on RCTV, Chavez & Venezuela in general, not to mention some challenging banter.

Worth a read, imho.

http://weeksnotice.blogspot.com/2007/05/rctv.html

Jack

5:26 PM  
Anonymous Justo Perez said...

Jack, interesting link. It would also be interesting to know what you think about Chavez shutting down RCTV.

Justo

9:21 PM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

Hi Justo,

Glad you found the link interesting. About my own personal views, I’m not really qualified to say much about the issue Justo. I think Norman made a very valid point above, asking for info on the broadcasting history of RCTV. As someone that hasn’t visited Venezuela for the best part of two decades I’m afraid I can’t contribute anything useful to this. And I do think the story from someone on the ground there in Ven, from a level-headed person if possible, is key to understanding the issue.

All I know is what I’ve read the last few days from a number of sources. We’re all free to read around what & where we want & make our own judgements about things. If that sounds too enigmatic let me just say that from an initial position of “not small concern” as to what this could mean to democracy in Venezuela, my position has shifted slightly. Not completely, but shifted slightly.

Here’s a few more links.

http://www.embavenez-us.org/news.php?nid=3509

http://www.commondreams.org/archive/2007/05/23/1405/

http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-jones30may30,1,5553603.story?ctrack=1&cset=true

http://narcosphere.narconews.com/story/2007/5/27/162742/757

http://mrzine.monthlyreview.org/cm260507.html

Please note I’m not purporting these to be necessarily complete or even balanced views of things. Actually, they’re rather closer to the Chavez line as you’ll see. They are however, I think, a part of the picture that needs to be heard, & a part that maybe isn’t often heard enough in some corners of the world.

Hope you find something useful in them too, whatever the conclusions you personally decide to draw.

My best,
Jack

11:30 AM  
Blogger Norman said...

Well, Jack, from what I've read (not an exhaustive study mind you), and as much as I like having voices opposing Mr. Chavez on the air, I can't really find anything particularly sinister in not renewing a license for a station, particularly if you have a reasonable amount of allegations of broadcast violations. I'm not sure how much due process is needed to not grant a request. I'll keep digging though.

1:57 PM  
Blogger Dan said...

It seems to me that, generally, one can look at a decision/event in at least two different ways: on its own merits, or as a symbol of a broader trend.

What I think sometimes happens in these threads is that we analyze one another's analyses, while some of us are looking at things in the former way, others in the latter. Hence, angry exchanges betweeen exasperated commenters.

In this case, from what I've read it seems to me that the nonrenewal of RCTV's license is not, in and of itself, a real problem. But most of the press here in the US and in many other places paints it as not just signaling a broader trend of loss of democratic freedoms, but as a heinous violation in its own right.

So, in previous comments, I have outlined many of the same defenses of the decision articulated in many of the above-linked articles. That is NOT the same thing as saying that Chavez does not pose a threat to democracy or a free press. I honestly don't know if he does (and that alone will anger some people, but it really isn't that clear to me one way or the other). I am not a fan of Chavez. Nor do I think he's Hitler, or Banzer, or even Castro.

But the issue here is that while Chavez may or may not be a worthy steward of Venezuelan democracy, it seems pretty clear that RCTV was a bad steward of Venezuelan public airwaves. The process leading to this week's nonrenewal may have been imperfect, even deeply troubling, but it seems to have been legal and to have led to a generally fair outcome.

PS the seizure of equipment, if it's happening, would seem to me out of bounds without due process and formal charges. (Also, I hope it goes without saying that if Hugo Chavez were to shut down every media outlet that ever criticizes him, as some here imply he is gearing up to do, then I think that would be what polical scientists call "bad").

6:11 PM  
Blogger Boli-Nica said...

What I really find hilarious is that some of the people arguing that Chavez was in his right, because of RCTV's support for the failed coup were cheering the violent protests that forced Goni - the constitutionally elected president of Bolivia -out. And that at the middle of these mass protests - and well before any violence against the protests- was Evo/MAS relentlessly propagandizing against the government - calling it illegitimate and that even violence should be used to overthrow it.

Its ok to incite violence against an elected government if it is not a leftist government.

9:45 PM  
Blogger Boli-Nica said...

Interesting to see how little is mentioned about RCTV's history outside of what it did or didn't do during the coup. In Venezuela, and in South America it has really hit a nerve, in major part for historical reasons.
It was Venezuela's first TV station going to air in 1954 - which in South America was a huge deal ...IIRC there wasnt TV in Bolivia until 70. It has produced shows that were shown all over South America.
RCTV is the most popular TV station in Venezuela itself, explaining why polls in Venezuela consistently show a broad-based opposition to the measure. It was arguably an institution, whatever its management and news team did during the coup.

1:47 AM  
Blogger Dan said...

Boli-Nica: I fail to understand how, by your analysis, you are not guilty of the same hypocrisy of which you accuse others. If it is as simple as you say - that you can't condemn those who would overthrow an elected government in Venezuela if you defended those who would do the same in Bolivia - the why is it okay to defend those who did it in Venezuela and condemn those who did it in Bolivia?

2:33 AM  
Blogger mcentellas said...

From my undestanding, RCTV "supported" the coup in roughly the same manner as CBS "supported" Kerry against Bush in 2004. That is, RCTV clearly spun the news in an anti-Chavez fashion (an other example might be FOX coverage in the US).

But I've never seen evidence that RCTV went on the air and explicitly called for a coup. But it was one of the first stations to cover the coup, as it happened, live. The coup (though it may have been pre-planned) emerged from other protests, when police/military units refused to fire on civilian crowds. But as violence erupted, Chavez interrupted the broadcasts.

If you're not aware, Chavez has the right, in Venezuela, to force all local networks to interrupt their coverage so that he can broadcast something. These are the famous "cadenas." RCTV decided to uphold the letter of the law (it interrupted its coverage) to cut to a live feed of Chavez claiming that all was back to calm, that nothing was happing. But RCTV (unilke the other stations), split the screen. So there was audio of Chavez speaking, and video of him in his office, while the other half of the screen showed street violence (pro- vs. anti-Chavez crowds fighting) in the streets of Caracas. After the coup failed, RCTV didn't cut to news, but rather to cartoons. This demonstrates some bias, of course, but RCTV is not a 24 news network, so one could argue that it was going back to "regular" programming.

Clearly, RCTV editorial & managerial leadership supported the coup. But did they take part in plotting it? DId the call for a coup? I've not seen any evidence of that.

Similarly, in the five years since then, no criminal charges have been filed against any of those in charge of RCTV. Instead, the station's license was not renewed. Additionally, it's equipment was confiscated (which is not part of licensing) and handed over to a newly created government station. The result, of course, is that there is now only one station critical of Chavez: Globovision.

Interestingly, the day after RCTV was shut down, Globovision was threatened as well. The claim is that the station called for an assassination of Chavez. The claim stems from the station running a series of montages of RCTV history, which included the assassination of the pope. Chavez has hired semioticians who look for "subliminal" messages in media. Chavez has also threatened CNN.

All in all, it seems clear that, while RCTV was openly critical of Chavez, no legal action was taken against any of the station's staff in five years. If they were guilty of sedition, they should be tried. But that hasn't happened. Instead, this seems clearly to be a means to eliminate the most popular station in the country to provide yet another pro-government outlet.

If you're intested, there's a list of international organizations running a "Free RCTV" campaign. Their website includes substantial historical context, including video of other means of governmetn intimidation of journalists in Venezuela. The list of organizations supporting this include the Carter Center, Human Rights Watch, Reporters without Borders, Amnesty International, and many more. I think it's safe to say that this is hardly a left-right issue, for most people.

11:05 PM  
Blogger mcentellas said...

The Free RCTV campaign website is here:

http://freerctv.com/

11:07 PM  
Blogger Boli-Nica said...

ummmmmm Mr. Dan, at the time i thought the coup against Chavez was wrong, and set a bad precedent if it had gone through.. This is based on the principle (based on the rule of law) that if rulers were elected they were supposed to finish their terms. Jeez even Tuto called Chavez to offer his support..............Same thing with the protests against the Goni government.

Of course people here would argue about Goni being elected with a "small minority" ignoring the fact he was in a coalition government representing a much more significant percentage of voters.

10:03 AM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

"no first hand knowledge of the issues there and at The Democracy Center we try to stick to topics we have researched and know something about"


ROFLMAO

If this were true, I'm afraid you'd have very little to write about.

10:15 AM  
Blogger Boli-Nica said...

At some point this extends beyond Chavez and ideological battles, and goes to a fundamental problem in Latin America.

It is partly this constant use and abuse of procedures, rules, and pliant judges to get what rulers want - or conversely to block them.

And that in large part a result of lack of a truly independent judiciary with the authority (and the will) to enforce basic concepts of right, against an agressive executive. What Chavez did to his Court is similar to what Pinochet did with the Chilean supreme Court, bend it to his will and fill it up with cronies.

Latin America

5:51 PM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

From someone that a few days back was insisting on the "rule of law" being the most important thing to defend... to now say what you just said Boli-Nica...

Going round in circles, hitting what you can on your way around? Or trawling for attention?

Whatever. But going round in circles most definitely. Boy, you must be dizzy!

8:24 PM  
Blogger Frank_IBC said...

Anonymous 8:24 p.m. -

How on earth is insisting upon an independent judiciary contradictory to the goal of rule of law?

Just the opposite, it is a key part of it.

8:26 AM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

I can’t believe you missed the point too Frankie. The guy’s been going on about the rule of law needing to be applied at all costs (needless to say this happens only when, following his snaking logic the right type of window of opportunity appears for him and his thinly veiled bigotry) and then in another breath basically says that the justice system in the whole of Latin America is a big joke.

He could be partly right on both points, but that doesn’t mean there’s still a huge contradiction in what he says… if the legal system is such a big joke why the hell does he have such a thing about the law needing to be enforced?!? It’s as absurd as saying eating bricks is bad for you but the most important thing for us all to do is to eat bricks day and night…

But from Senorcito “I’ve got Seventeen Important Things to Say About Anything in LA Gimme A Few More Years Here And You’ll Finally Understand Why I’m Right About Everything” a few of us have already gotten accustomed to the seventeen ZILLION contradictions and hypocrisies in what he says, and seen right through him and his measly facade.

11:02 AM  
Blogger Boli-Nica said...

Hey genius….check it out I said there was an abuse of procedures and rules, and a failure to enforce certain laws derived from major rights.

Any first year law student will tell you that procedural law is different from substantive law. A government body applies procedural law by refusing to grant a permit for a demonstration because of a supposed problem in the application paperwork. Substantive law would say that there is a fundamental right of assembly and speech. If the procedural law was applied in a arbitrary manner the government body can be guilty of violating fundamental rights. Even if not found to be “arbitrary”, the very regulation can be challenged before a court if it has the “effect” of infringing on free speech, by making it dfficult to organize a demonstration. In either case, a Court can enforce a principle of substantive law over the harmful effects of the procedural law, and do things like order the demonstration to take place, or strike down the law.

In Latin America, including Venezuela, there are laws are on the books, granting fundamental rights, and theoretically authorizing judges to enforce them against the government. Problem is that many judiciaries don’t. What Chavez is doing is using a procedural law - which has the effect of “chilling” free speech, and the supreme court did nothing. In effect it did not follow the rule of law.

11:29 AM  
Anonymous El Grindio said...

For the record:

The post above about porn that purports to be from me is obviously not from me and is inaccurate since porn is produced in the San Fernando Valley and not in Hollywood. It is another identity theft post from that little mind that cannot write a cogent argument. I am currently too busy to waste time or bandwidth to engage the usual suspect: who is enpowered by his "Judge Judy law" legal understanding apparently developed by watching pro pers litigate in small claims court.

I have dragons to slay, projects to develop that allow me to express that which I have to say and a beautiful fiance who is of age yet scandalously younger than I (a Hollywood tradition). Also, at the end of the day, the best revenge is to live well and I am fully engaged in quality of life determinative activities. Notwithstanding that the Bible tells us "Vengence is mine, sayeth the Lord".

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